There are 3 types of tears, and each of them has different functions.

Basal tears coat our eyes all day. They help us see better, they moisturize, protect, fight infections, and also create a protective barrier against various debris. Basal tears deliver oxygen and nutrients to the surface of the eye. They contain oil, mucus, water, and salt. The oil prevents them from evaporating. Blinking helps us distribute basal tears evenly across the surface of the eye.
Irritant tears are needed to wash the eyes out. They are released when you peel onions or get something into your eye. These tears flush out irritants to protect your eyes.
Emotional tears appear as a reaction to strong emotions, such as sadness, grief, anger, or, conversely, joy. They contain more stress hormones and natural painkillers than other types of tears. Emotional tears convey our emotions to those around us.

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