Lap belts go across the waist. They’re considered unreliable and are almost never found in new cars. Sometimes they are installed in the middle rear seat.
Shoulder belts secure only the upper body. They are also considered unreliable because a person can easily slip out and get injured in the event of an accident.
3-point belts are used in most modern cars. They are stretched from the wearer’s shoulder, go across their chest, and end with a lap belt. In the case of an accident, these belts help spread out the energy of the moving body across the chest, pelvis, and shoulders.
Automatic seat belts are shoulder belts that secure the passenger automatically. Normally, such a belt goes along with a lap belt that is secured manually.
BIS (belt-in-seat) is a 3-point harness where the shoulder belt is attached to the backrest. They are considered the most effective in the event of a rollover, especially for 4 to 8-year-old children.
5-point harnesses are considered to be the safest but they restrict movements greatly. They are used in child car seats and racing cars. Some car owners install 5-point harnesses as an aftermarket modification.
6-point harnesses are very much like 5-point harnesses but have an additional strap that goes between the legs. These belts are used by racers.

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