The sun is around 149 million km from our planet. It’s an average distance because the orbit of the Earth is an ellipse, not a perfect circle. At the beginning of January, when the Earth is in perihelion (the closest point of the orbit to the sun), our planet is within 147.09 million km from the sun. In July, when the Earth is in aphelion (the furthest point of the orbit from the sun), it’s 152.10 million km from the sun. So the distance between the Earth and the sun changes by 3% or 5 million km throughout the year. The diameter of the sun is around 1,392,000 km. The diameter of the Earth is just 12,742 km. In other words, around 109 Earths could be aligned on the front part of the sun. The volume of the sun is around 1,304,000 times bigger than the Earth. So an enormous number of Earth-like planets would fit inside the sun.
The biggest planet of our solar system is Jupiter, but it’s also much smaller than the sun. Even though the diameter of Jupiter is 11 times bigger than that of Earth, the sun’s diameter is still almost 10 times bigger than the diameter of Jupiter. The sun’s volume is 987 times bigger than that of Jupiter, which is 1,321 times bigger than that of Earth. And as for the mass, the sun is more than 99% of the mass of the entire solar system.
The moon is a little bigger than 1/4 (27%) of the size of Earth. If it seems very small, you should know that it’s the fifth satellite in the solar system in terms of size. The average radius of the moon is 1,737.5 km. Its diameter is 3,475 km, which is less than 1/3 of the diameter of Earth.

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