Tuning a guitar means adjusting pegs so that the strings sound a certain way.

Methods of tuning a guitar:

With the help of a piano. Play all the notes on the piano and tune the tuning pegs so that the strings sound identical to those notes.
With the help of an electric tuner. Strum the string and the tuner will show you how far the sound is from the necessary pitch. Stretch or loosen the string as recommended by the tuner. A tuner can be in the form of a separate gadget, a smartphone application, or an online helper.
With the help of a tuning fork. A tuning fork is a small object that emits one reference sound of a certain pitch. Most often it’s A of the 1st octave (frequency 440 Hz). It’s the first string pressed on the 5th fret on the guitar. Tune the 1st string using the tuning fork and take it as a reference when tuning other strings.
By the 1st string. In order to tune the guitar by the 1st string, you need to use the following method:

Press the 2nd string at the 5th fret. Tune it so that its sound matches the open (i.e. not holding down the string on any frets with your left hand) 1st string.
Press the 3rd string at the 4th fret. Tune it so that it sounds like the open 2nd string.
Press the 4th string at the 5th fret. It should sound like the open 3rd string.
Press the 5th string at the 5th fret, tune it by the open 4th string.
Press the 6th string at the 5th fret and tune it by the open 5th string.

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